gui.txt Nvim
VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
Nvim Graphical User Interface gui GUI
Any client that supports the Nvim ui-protocol can be used as a UI for Nvim.
And multiple UIs can connect to the same Nvim instance! The terms "UI" and
"GUI" are often used interchangeably because all Nvim UI clients have the same
potential capabilities; the "TUI" refers to a UI client that outputs to your
terminal, whereas a "GUI" outputs directly to the OS graphics system.
Except where noted, this document describes UI capabilities available to both
TUI and GUI (assuming the UI supports the given feature). See TUI for notes
specific to the terminal UI. Help tags with the "gui-" prefix refer to UI
features, whereas help tags with the "ui-" prefix refer to the ui-protocol.
==============================================================================
Third-party GUIs third-party-guis vscode
Nvim provides a builtin "terminal UI" (TUI), but also works with many
(third-party) GUIs which may provide a fresh look or extra features on top of
Nvim. For example, "vscode-neovim" essentially allows you to use VSCode as
a Nvim GUI.
- vscode-neovim (Nvim in VSCode!) https://github.com/vscode-neovim/vscode-neovim
- Firenvim (Nvim in your web browser!) https://github.com/glacambre/firenvim
- Neovide https://neovide.dev/
- Goneovim https://github.com/akiyosi/goneovim
- Nvy https://github.com/RMichelsen/Nvy
- Neovim-Qt (Qt5) https://github.com/equalsraf/neovim-qt
- VimR (macOS) https://github.com/qvacua/vimr
- Others https://github.com/neovim/neovim/wiki/Related-projects#gui
Type gO to see the table of contents.
==============================================================================
Starting the GUI gui-config gui-start
ginit.vim gui-init gvimrc $MYGVIMRC
For GUI-specific configuration Nvim provides the UIEnter event. This
happens after other initializations, or whenever a UI attaches (multiple UIs
can connect to any Nvim instance).
Example: this sets "g:gui" to the value of the UI's "rgb" field:
:autocmd UIEnter * let g:gui = filter(nvim_list_uis(),{k,v-> v.chan==v:event.chan})[0].rgb
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Stop or detach the current UI
:detach
:detach
Detaches the current UI. Other UIs (if any) remain attached.
The server (typically `nvim --embed`) continues running as
a background process, and you can reattach to it later.
Before detaching, you may want to note the server address:
:echo v:servername
Note: The server closes the UI RPC channel, so :detach
inherently "works" for all UIs. But if a UI isn't expecting
the channel to be closed, it may be (incorrectly) reported as
an error.
Note: Not supported on Windows, currently.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
GUI commands
:winp :winpos E188
:winp[os]
Display current position of the top left corner of the GUI vim
window in pixels. Does not work in all versions.
Also see getwinpos(), getwinposx() and getwinposy().
:winp[os] {X} {Y} E466
Put the GUI vim window at the given {X} and {Y} coordinates.
The coordinates should specify the position in pixels of the
top left corner of the window.
When the GUI window has not been opened yet, the values are
remembered until the window is opened. The position is
adjusted to make the window fit on the screen (if possible).
:wi :win :winsize E465
:win[size] {width} {height}
Set the window height to {width} by {height} characters.
Obsolete, use ":set lines=11 columns=22".
==============================================================================
Using the mouse mouse-using
mouse-mode-table mouse-overview
Overview of what the mouse buttons do, when 'mousemodel' is "extend":
<S-LeftMouse> <A-RightMouse> <S-RightMouse> <RightDrag>
<RightRelease> <LeftDrag>
Normal Mode:
event position selection change action
cursor window
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<LeftMouse> yes end yes
<C-LeftMouse> yes end yes "CTRL-]" (2)
<S-LeftMouse> yes no change yes "*" (2)
<LeftDrag> yes start or extend (1) no
<LeftRelease> yes start or extend (1) no
<MiddleMouse> yes if not active no put
<MiddleMouse> yes if active no yank and put
<RightMouse> yes start or extend yes
<A-RightMouse> yes start or extend blockw. yes
<S-RightMouse> yes no change yes "#" (2)
<C-RightMouse> no no change no "CTRL-T"
<RightDrag> yes extend no
<RightRelease> yes extend no
Insert or Replace Mode:
event position selection change action
cursor window
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<LeftMouse> yes (cannot be active) yes
<C-LeftMouse> yes (cannot be active) yes "CTRL-O^]" (2)
<S-LeftMouse> yes (cannot be active) yes "CTRL-O*" (2)
<LeftDrag> yes start or extend (1) no like CTRL-O (1)
<LeftRelease> yes start or extend (1) no like CTRL-O (1)
<MiddleMouse> no (cannot be active) no put register
<RightMouse> yes start or extend yes like CTRL-O
<A-RightMouse> yes start or extend blockw. yes
<S-RightMouse> yes (cannot be active) yes "CTRL-O#" (2)
<C-RightMouse> no (cannot be active) no "CTRL-O CTRL-T"
In a help window:
event position selection change action
cursor window
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<2-LeftMouse> yes (cannot be active) no "^]" (jump to help tag)
When 'mousemodel' is "popup", these are different:
<A-LeftMouse>
Normal Mode:
event position selection change action
cursor window
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S-LeftMouse> yes start or extend (1) no
<A-LeftMouse> yes start/extend blockw no
<RightMouse> no popup menu no
Insert or Replace Mode:
event position selection change action
cursor window
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<S-LeftMouse> yes start or extend (1) no like CTRL-O (1)
<A-LeftMouse> yes start/extend blockw no
<RightMouse> no popup menu no
(1) only if mouse pointer moved since press
(2) only if click is in same buffer
Clicking the left mouse button causes the cursor to be positioned. If the
click is in another window that window is made the active window. When
editing the command-line the cursor can only be positioned on the
command-line. When in Insert mode Vim remains in Insert mode. If 'scrolloff'
is set, and the cursor is positioned within 'scrolloff' lines from the window
border, the text is scrolled.
A selection can be started by pressing the left mouse button on the first
character, moving the mouse to the last character, then releasing the mouse
button. You will not always see the selection until you release the button,
only in some versions (GUI, Win32) will the dragging be shown immediately.
Note that you can make the text scroll by moving the mouse at least one
character in the first/last line in the window when 'scrolloff' is non-zero.
In Normal, Visual and Select mode clicking the right mouse button causes the
Visual area to be extended. When 'mousemodel' is "popup", the left button has
to be used while keeping the shift key pressed. When clicking in a window
which is editing another buffer, the Visual or Select mode is stopped.
In Normal, Visual and Select mode clicking the right mouse button with the alt
key pressed causes the Visual area to become blockwise. When 'mousemodel' is
"popup" the left button has to be used with the alt key. Note that this won't
work on systems where the window manager consumes the mouse events when the
alt key is pressed (it may move the window).
double-click <2-LeftMouse> <3-LeftMouse> <4-LeftMouse>
Double, triple and quadruple clicks are supported. For selecting text, extra
clicks extend the selection:
click select
---------------------------------
double word or % match
triple line
quadruple rectangular block
Exception: In a :help window, double-click jumps to help for the word that is
clicked on.
Double-click on a word selects that word. 'iskeyword' is used to specify
which characters are included in a word. Double-click on a character that has
a match selects until that match (like using "v%"). If the match is an
#if/#else/#endif block, the selection becomes linewise. The time for
double-clicking can be set with the 'mousetime' option.
Example: configure double-click to jump to the tag under the cursor:
:map <2-LeftMouse> :exe "tag " .. expand("<cword>")<CR>
Dragging the mouse with a double-click (button-down, button-up, button-down
and then drag) will result in whole words to be selected. This continues
until the button is released, at which point the selection is per character
again.
For scrolling with the mouse see scroll-mouse-wheel.
In Insert mode, when a selection is started, Vim goes into Normal mode
temporarily. When Visual or Select mode ends, it returns to Insert mode.
This is like using CTRL-O in Insert mode. Select mode is used when the
'selectmode' option contains "mouse".
X1Mouse X1Drag X1Release
X2Mouse X2Drag X2Release
<MiddleRelease> <MiddleDrag>
Mouse clicks can be mapped using these keycodes:
code mouse button normal action
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<LeftMouse> left pressed set cursor position
<LeftDrag> left moved while pressed extend selection
<LeftRelease> left released set selection end
<MiddleMouse> middle pressed paste text at cursor position
<MiddleDrag> middle moved while pressed -
<MiddleRelease> middle released -
<RightMouse> right pressed extend selection
<RightDrag> right moved while pressed extend selection
<RightRelease> right released set selection end
<X1Mouse> X1 button pressed -
<X1Drag> X1 moved while pressed -
<X1Release> X1 button release -
<X2Mouse> X2 button pressed -
<X2Drag> X2 moved while pressed -
<X2Release> X2 button release -
The X1 and X2 buttons refer to the extra buttons found on some mice (e.g. the
right thumb).
Examples:
:noremap <MiddleMouse> <LeftMouse><MiddleMouse>
Paste at the position of the middle mouse button click (otherwise the paste
would be done at the cursor position).
:noremap <LeftRelease> <LeftRelease>y
Immediately yank the selection, when using Visual mode.
Note the use of ":noremap" instead of "map" to avoid a recursive mapping.
:map <X1Mouse> <C-O>
:map <X2Mouse> <C-I>
Map the X1 and X2 buttons to go forwards and backwards in the jump list, see
CTRL-O and CTRL-I.
mouse-swap-buttons
To swap the meaning of the left and right mouse buttons:
:noremap <LeftMouse> <RightMouse>
:noremap <LeftDrag> <RightDrag>
:noremap <LeftRelease> <RightRelease>
:noremap <RightMouse> <LeftMouse>
:noremap <RightDrag> <LeftDrag>
:noremap <RightRelease> <LeftRelease>
:noremap g<LeftMouse> <C-RightMouse>
:noremap g<RightMouse> <C-LeftMouse>
:noremap! <LeftMouse> <RightMouse>
:noremap! <LeftDrag> <RightDrag>
:noremap! <LeftRelease> <RightRelease>
:noremap! <RightMouse> <LeftMouse>
:noremap! <RightDrag> <LeftDrag>
:noremap! <RightRelease> <LeftRelease>
==============================================================================
Scrollbars gui-scrollbars
There are vertical scrollbars and a horizontal scrollbar. You may
configure which ones appear with the 'guioptions' option.
The interface looks like this (with `:set guioptions=mlrb`):
+------------------------------+ `
| File Edit Help | <- Menu bar (m) `
+-+--------------------------+-+ `
|^| |^| `
|#| Text area. |#| `
| | | | `
|v|__________________________|v| `
Normal status line -> |-+ File.c 5,2 +-| `
between Vim windows |^|""""""""""""""""""""""""""|^| `
| | | | `
| | Another file buffer. | | `
| | | | `
|#| |#| `
Left scrollbar (l) -> |#| |#| <- Right `
|#| |#| scrollbar (r) `
| | | | `
|v| |v| `
+-+--------------------------+-+ `
| |< #### >| | <- Bottom `
+-+--------------------------+-+ scrollbar (b) `
Any of the scrollbar or menu components may be turned off by not putting the
appropriate letter in the 'guioptions' string. The bottom scrollbar is
only useful when 'nowrap' is set.
VERTICAL SCROLLBARS gui-vert-scroll
Each Vim window has a scrollbar next to it which may be scrolled up and down
to move through the text in that buffer. The size of the scrollbar-thumb
indicates the fraction of the buffer which can be seen in the window.
When the scrollbar is dragged all the way down, the last line of the file
will appear in the top of the window.
If a window is shrunk to zero height (by the growth of another window) its
scrollbar disappears. It reappears when the window is restored.
If a window is vertically split, it will get a scrollbar when it is the
current window and when, taking the middle of the current window and drawing a
vertical line, this line goes through the window.
When there are scrollbars on both sides, and the middle of the current window
is on the left half, the right scrollbar column will contain scrollbars for
the rightmost windows. The same happens on the other side.
HORIZONTAL SCROLLBARS gui-horiz-scroll
The horizontal scrollbar (at the bottom of the Vim GUI) may be used to
scroll text sideways when the 'wrap' option is turned off. The
scrollbar-thumb size is such that the text of the longest visible line may be
scrolled as far as possible left and right. The cursor is moved when
necessary, it must remain on a visible character (unless 'virtualedit' is
set).
Computing the length of the longest visible line takes quite a bit of
computation, and it has to be done every time something changes. If this
takes too much time or you don't like the cursor jumping to another line,
include the 'h' flag in 'guioptions'. Then the scrolling is limited by the
text of the current cursor line.
==============================================================================
Drag and drop drag-n-drop
You can drag and drop one or more files into the Vim window, where they will
be opened as if a :drop command was used.
If you hold down Shift while doing this, Vim changes to the first dropped
file's directory. If you hold Ctrl Vim will always split a new window for the
file. Otherwise it's only done if the current buffer has been changed.
You can also drop a directory on Vim. This starts the explorer plugin for
that directory (assuming it was enabled, otherwise you'll get an error
message). Keep Shift pressed to change to the directory instead.
If Vim happens to be editing a command line, the names of the dropped files
and directories will be inserted at the cursor. This allows you to use these
names with any Ex command. Special characters (space, tab, double quote and
"|"; backslash on non-MS-Windows systems) will be escaped.
==============================================================================
Menus
For an introduction see usr_42.txt in the user manual.
Using Menus
Basically, menus can be used just like mappings. You can define your own
menus, as many as you like.
Long-time Vim users won't use menus much. But the power is in adding your own
menus and menu items. They are most useful for things that you can't remember
what the key sequence was.
For creating menus in a different language, see :menutrans.
The default menus are read from the file "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim". See
$VIMRUNTIME for where the path comes from. You can set up your own menus.
Starting off with the default set is a good idea. You can add more items, or,
if you don't like the defaults at all, start with removing all menus
:unmenu-all. You can also avoid the default menus being loaded by adding
this line to your vimrc file (NOT your gvimrc file!):
:let did_install_default_menus = 1
If you also want to avoid the Syntax menu:
:let did_install_syntax_menu = 1
The first item in the Syntax menu can be used to show all available filetypes
in the menu (which can take a bit of time to load). If you want to have all
filetypes already present at startup, add:
:let do_syntax_sel_menu = 1
Note that the menu.vim is sourced when `:syntax on` or `:filetype on` is
executed or after your .vimrc file is sourced. This means that the 'encoding'
option and the language of messages (`:language messages`) must be set before
that (if you want to change them).
Although this documentation is in the GUI section, you can actually use menus
in console mode too. You will have to load menu.vim explicitly then, it is
not done by default. You can use the :emenu command and command-line
completion with 'wildmenu' to access the menu entries almost like a real menu
system. To do this, put these commands in your vimrc file:
:source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
:set wildmenu
:set cpo-=<
:set wcm=<C-Z>
:map <F4> :emenu <C-Z>
Pressing <F4> will start the menu. You can now use the cursor keys to select
a menu entry. Hit <Enter> to execute it. Hit <Esc> if you want to cancel.
Creating New Menus
:me :noreme
E330 E327 E331 E336 E333
E328 E329 E337 E792
To create a new menu item, use the ":menu" commands. They are mostly like
the ":map" set of commands (see map-modes), but the first argument is a menu
item name, given as a path of menus and submenus with a '.' between them,
e.g.:
:menu File.Save :w<CR>
:inoremenu File.Save <C-O>:w<CR>
:menu Edit.Big\ Changes.Delete\ All\ Spaces :%s/[ ^I]//g<CR>
This last one will create a new item in the menu bar called "Edit", holding
the mouse button down on this will pop up a menu containing the item
"Big Changes", which is a sub-menu containing the item "Delete All Spaces",
which when selected, performs the operation.
To create a menu for terminal mode, use :tlmenu instead of :tmenu unlike
key mapping (:tmap). This is because :tmenu is already used for defining
tooltips for menus. See terminal-input.
Special characters in a menu name:
- & The next character is the shortcut key. Make sure each shortcut key is
only used once in a (sub)menu. If you want to insert a literal "&" in the
menu name use "&&".
- <Tab> Separates the menu name from right-aligned text. This can be used to
show the equivalent typed command. The text "<Tab>" can be used here for
convenience. If you are using a real tab, don't forget to put a backslash
before it!
Example:
:amenu &File.&Open<Tab>:e :browse e<CR>
[typed literally]
With the shortcut "F" (while keeping the <Alt> key pressed), and then "O",
this menu can be used. The second part is shown as "Open :e". The ":e"
is right aligned, and the "O" is underlined, to indicate it is the shortcut.
:am :an
The ":amenu" command can be used to define menu entries for all modes at once,
except for Terminal mode. To make the command work correctly, a character is
automatically inserted for some modes:
mode inserted appended
Normal nothing nothing
Visual <C-C> <C-\><C-G>
Insert <C-\><C-O>
Cmdline <C-C> <C-\><C-G>
Op-pending <C-C> <C-\><C-G>
Example:
:amenu File.Next :next^M
is equal to:
:nmenu File.Next :next^M
:vmenu File.Next ^C:next^M^\^G
:imenu File.Next ^\^O:next^M
:cmenu File.Next ^C:next^M^\^G
:omenu File.Next ^C:next^M^\^G
Careful: In Insert mode this only works for a SINGLE Normal mode command,
because of the CTRL-O. If you have two or more commands, you will need to use
the ":imenu" command. For inserting text in any mode, you can use the
expression register:
:amenu Insert.foobar "='foobar'<CR>P
The special text <Cmd> begins a "command menu", it executes the command
directly without changing modes. Where you might use ":...<CR>" you can
instead use "<Cmd>...<CR>". See <Cmd> for more info. Example:
anoremenu File.Next <Cmd>next<CR>
Note that <Esc> in Cmdline mode executes the command, like in a mapping. This
is Vi compatible. Use CTRL-C to quit Cmdline mode.
:nme :nnoreme :nunme
Menu commands starting with "n" work in Normal mode. mapmode-n
:ome :onoreme :ounme
Menu commands starting with "o" work in Operator-pending mode. mapmode-o
:vme :vnoreme :vunme
Menu commands starting with "v" work in Visual mode. mapmode-v
:xme :xnoreme :xunme
Menu commands starting with "x" work in Visual and Select mode. mapmode-x
:sme :snoreme :sunme
Menu commands starting with "s" work in Select mode. mapmode-s
:ime :inoreme :iunme
Menu commands starting with "i" work in Insert mode. mapmode-i
:cme :cnoreme :cunme
Menu commands starting with "c" work in Cmdline mode. mapmode-c
:tlm :tln :tlu
Menu commands starting with "tl" work in Terminal mode. mapmode-t
To define a menu which will not be echoed on the command line, add
"<silent>" as the first argument. Example:
:menu <silent> Settings.Ignore\ case :set ic<CR>
The ":set ic" will not be echoed when using this menu. Messages from the
executed command are still given though. To shut them up too, add a ":silent"
in the executed command:
:menu <silent> Search.Header :exe ":silent normal /Header\r"<CR>
"<silent>" may also appear just after "<script>".
The "to" part of the menu will be inspected for mappings. If you don't want
this, use the ":noremenu" command (or the similar one for a specific mode).
If you do want to use script-local mappings, add "<script>" as the very first
argument to the ":menu" command or just after "<silent>".
You can give a priority to a menu. Menus with a higher priority go more to
the right. The priority is given as a number before the ":menu" command.
Example:
:80menu Buffer.next :bn<CR>
The default menus have these priorities:
File 10
Edit 20
Tools 40
Syntax 50
Buffers 60
Window 70
Help 9999
When no or zero priority is given, 500 is used.
The priority for the PopUp menu is not used.
You can use a priority higher than 9999, to make it go after the Help menu,
but that is non-standard and is discouraged. The highest possible priority is
about 32000. The lowest is 1.
The same mechanism can be used to position a sub-menu. The priority is then
given as a dot-separated list of priorities, before the menu name:
:menu 80.500 Buffer.next :bn<CR>
Giving the sub-menu priority is only needed when the item is not to be put
in a normal position. For example, to put a sub-menu before the other items:
:menu 80.100 Buffer.first :brew<CR>
Or to put a sub-menu after the other items, and further items with default
priority will be put before it:
:menu 80.900 Buffer.last :blast<CR>
When a number is missing, the default value 500 will be used:
:menu .900 myMenu.test :echo "text"<CR>
The menu priority is only used when creating a new menu. When it already
existed, e.g., in another mode, the priority will not change. Thus, the
priority only needs to be given the first time a menu is used.
An exception is the PopUp menu. There is a separate menu for each mode
(Normal, Op-pending, Visual, Insert, Cmdline). The order in each of these
menus can be different. This is different from menu-bar menus, which have
the same order for all modes.
NOTE: sub-menu priorities currently don't work for all versions of the GUI.
E332
Menu items can be separated by a special item that inserts some space between
items. Depending on the system this is displayed as a line or a dotted line.
These items must start with a '-' and end in a '-'. The part in between is
used to give it a unique name. Priorities can be used as with normal items.
Example:
:menu Example.item1 :do something
:menu Example.-Sep- :
:menu Example.item2 :do something different
Note that the separator also requires a rhs. It doesn't matter what it is,
because the item will never be selected. Use a single colon to keep it
simple.
gui-toolbar
The default toolbar is setup in menu.vim. The display of the toolbar is
controlled by the 'guioptions' letter 'T'. You can thus have menu & toolbar
together, or either on its own, or neither. The appearance is controlled by
the 'toolbar' option. You can choose between an image, text or both.
toolbar-icon
The toolbar is defined as a special menu called ToolBar, which only has one
level. Vim interprets the items in this menu as follows:
- 1 If an "icon=" argument was specified, the file with this name is used.
The file can either be specified with the full path or with the base name.
In the last case it is searched for in the "bitmaps" directory in
'runtimepath', like in point 3. Examples:
:amenu icon=/usr/local/pixmaps/foo_icon.xpm ToolBar.Foo :echo "Foo"<CR>
:amenu icon=FooIcon ToolBar.Foo :echo "Foo"<CR>
Note that in the first case the extension is included, while in the second
case it is omitted.
If the file cannot be opened the next points are tried.
A space in the file name must be escaped with a backslash.
A menu priority must come _after_ the icon argument:
:amenu icon=foo 1.42 ToolBar.Foo :echo "42!"<CR>
- 2 An item called 'BuiltIn##', where ## is a number, is taken as number ## of
the built-in bitmaps available in Vim. Currently there are 31 numbered
from 0 to 30 which cover most common editing operations builtin-tools.
:amenu ToolBar.BuiltIn22 :call SearchNext("back")<CR>
- 3 An item with another name is first searched for in the directory
"bitmaps" in 'runtimepath'. If found, the bitmap file is used as the
toolbar button image. Note that the exact filename is OS-specific: For
example, under Win32 the command
:amenu ToolBar.Hello :echo "hello"<CR>
would find the file 'hello.bmp'. Under X11 it is 'Hello.xpm'.
For MS-Windows and the bitmap is scaled to fit the button. For
MS-Windows a size of 18 by 18 pixels works best.
For MS-Windows the bitmap should have 16 colors with the standard palette.
The light grey pixels will be changed to the Window frame color and the
dark grey pixels to the window shadow color. More colors might also work,
depending on your system.
- 4 If the bitmap is still not found, Vim checks for a match against its list
of built-in names. Each built-in button image has a name.
So the command
:amenu ToolBar.Open :e
will show the built-in "open a file" button image if no open.bmp exists.
All the built-in names can be seen used in menu.vim.
- 5 If all else fails, a blank, but functioning, button is displayed.
builtin-tools
nr Name Normal action
00 New open new window
01 Open browse for file to open in current window
02 Save write buffer to file
03 Undo undo last change
04 Redo redo last undone change
05 Cut delete selected text to clipboard
06 Copy copy selected text to clipboard
07 Paste paste text from clipboard
08 Print print current buffer
09 Help open a buffer on Vim's builtin help
10 Find start a search command
11 SaveAll write all modified buffers to file
12 SaveSesn write session file for current situation
13 NewSesn write new session file
14 LoadSesn load session file
15 RunScript browse for file to run as a Vim script
16 Replace prompt for substitute command
17 WinClose close current window
18 WinMax make current window use many lines
19 WinMin make current window use few lines
20 WinSplit split current window
21 Shell start a shell
22 FindPrev search again, backward
23 FindNext search again, forward
24 FindHelp prompt for word to search help for
25 Make run make and jump to first error
26 TagJump jump to tag under the cursor
27 RunCtags build tags for files in current directory
28 WinVSplit split current window vertically
29 WinMaxWidth make current window use many columns
30 WinMinWidth make current window use few columns
In the Win32 GUI, starting a menu name with ']' excludes that menu from the
main menu bar. You must then use the :popup command to display it.
When splitting the window the window toolbar is not copied to the new window.
You can define the special menu "PopUp". This is the menu that is displayed
when the right mouse button is pressed, if 'mousemodel' is set to popup or
popup_setpos.
The default "PopUp" menu is:
anoremenu PopUp.Go\ to\ definition <Cmd>lua vim.lsp.buf.definition()<CR>
amenu PopUp.Open\ in\ web\ browser gx
anoremenu PopUp.Inspect <Cmd>Inspect<CR>
anoremenu PopUp.-1- <Nop>
vnoremenu PopUp.Cut "+x
vnoremenu PopUp.Copy "+y
anoremenu PopUp.Paste "+gP
vnoremenu PopUp.Paste "+P
vnoremenu PopUp.Delete "_x
nnoremenu PopUp.Select\ All ggVG
vnoremenu PopUp.Select\ All gg0oG$
inoremenu PopUp.Select\ All <C-Home><C-O>VG
anoremenu PopUp.-2- <Nop>
anoremenu PopUp.How-to\ disable\ mouse <Cmd>help disable-mouse<CR>
Showing What Menus Are Mapped To
To see what an existing menu is mapped to, use just one argument after the
menu commands (just like you would with the ":map" commands). If the menu
specified is a submenu, then all menus under that hierarchy will be shown.
If no argument is given after :menu at all, then ALL menu items are shown
for the appropriate mode (e.g., Command-line mode for :cmenu).
Special characters in the list, just before the rhs:
• * Menu was defined with "nore" to disallow remapping.
• & Menu was defined with "<script>" to allow remapping script-local mappings.
• s Menu was defined with "<silent>" to avoid showing what it is mapped to
when triggered.
• - Menu was disabled.
Note that hitting <Tab> while entering a menu name after a menu command may
be used to complete the name of the menu item.
Executing Menus
:em E334 E335
:[range]em[enu] {menu} Execute {menu} from the command line.
The default is to execute the Normal mode
menu. If a range is specified, it executes
the Visual mode menu.
If used from <c-o>, it executes the
insert-mode menu Eg:
:emenu File.Exit
:[range]em[enu] {mode} {menu} Like above, but execute the menu for {mode}:
- 'n': :nmenu Normal mode
- 'v': :vmenu Visual mode
- 's': :smenu Select mode
- 'o': :omenu Operator-pending mode
- 't': :tlmenu Terminal mode
- 'i': :imenu Insert mode
- 'c': :cmenu Cmdline mode
You can use :emenu to access useful menu items you may have got used to from
GUI mode. See 'wildmenu' for an option that works well with this. See
console-menus for an example.
When using a range, if the lines match with '<,'>, then the menu is executed
using the last visual selection.
Deleting Menus
:unme
:aun
To delete a menu item or a whole submenu, use the unmenu commands, which are
analogous to the unmap commands. Eg:
:unmenu! Edit.Paste
This will remove the Paste item from the Edit menu for Insert and
Command-line modes.
Note that hitting <Tab> while entering a menu name after an umenu command
may be used to complete the name of the menu item for the appropriate mode.
To remove all menus use:
:unmenu * " remove all menus in Normal and visual mode
:unmenu! * " remove all menus in Insert and Command-line mode
:aunmenu * " remove all menus in all modes, except for Terminal
" mode
:tlunmenu * " remove all menus in Terminal mode
If you want to get rid of the menu bar:
:set guioptions-=m
Disabling Menus
If you do not want to remove a menu, but disable it for a moment, this can be
done by adding the "enable" or "disable" keyword to a ":menu" command.
Examples:
:menu disable &File.&Open\.\.\.
:amenu enable *
:amenu disable &Tools.*
The command applies to the modes as used with all menu commands. Note that
characters like "&" need to be included for translated names to be found.
When the argument is "*", all menus are affected. Otherwise the given menu
name and all existing submenus below it are affected.
Examples for Menus
Here is an example on how to add menu items with menus! You can add a menu
item for the keyword under the cursor. The register "z" is used.
:nmenu Words.Add\ Var wb"zye:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z<CR>
:nmenu Words.Remove\ Var wb"zye:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>
:vmenu Words.Add\ Var "zy:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z <CR>
:vmenu Words.Remove\ Var "zy:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>
:imenu Words.Add\ Var <Esc>wb"zye:menu! Words.<C-R>z <C-R>z<CR>a
:imenu Words.Remove\ Var <Esc>wb"zye:unmenu! Words.<C-R>z<CR>a
(the rhs is in <> notation, you can copy/paste this text to try out the
mappings, or put these lines in your gvimrc; "<C-R>" is CTRL-R, "<CR>" is
the <CR> key. <>)
tooltips
Tooltips & Menu tips
See section 42.4 in the user manual.
:tm[enu] {menupath} {rhs} Define a tip for a menu or tool. (only in
X11 and Win32 GUI)
:tm[enu] [menupath] List menu tips. (only in X11 and Win32 GUI)
:tu[nmenu] {menupath} Remove a tip for a menu or tool.
(only in X11 and Win32 GUI)
Note: To create menus for terminal mode, use :tlmenu instead.
When a tip is defined for a menu item, it appears in the command-line area
when the mouse is over that item, much like a standard Windows menu hint in
the status bar. (Except when Vim is in Command-line mode, when of course
nothing is displayed.)
When a tip is defined for a ToolBar item, it appears as a tooltip when the
mouse pauses over that button, in the usual fashion. Use the hl-Tooltip
highlight group to change its colors.
A "tip" can be defined for each menu item. For example, when defining a menu
item like this:
:amenu MyMenu.Hello :echo "Hello"<CR>
The tip is defined like this:
:tmenu MyMenu.Hello Displays a greeting.
And delete it with:
:tunmenu MyMenu.Hello
Tooltips are currently only supported for the X11 and Win32 GUI. However, they
should appear for the other gui platforms in the not too distant future.
The ":tmenu" command works just like other menu commands, it uses the same
arguments. ":tunmenu" deletes an existing menu tip, in the same way as the
other unmenu commands.
If a menu item becomes invalid (i.e. its actions in all modes are deleted) Vim
deletes the menu tip (and the item) for you. This means that :aunmenu deletes
a menu item - you don't need to do a :tunmenu as well.
5.9 Popup Menus
You can cause a menu to popup at the cursor. This behaves similarly to the
PopUp menus except that any menu tree can be popped up.
:popu
:popu[p] {name} Popup the menu {name}. The menu named must
have at least one subentry, but need not
appear on the menu-bar (see hidden-menus).
:popu[p]! {name} Like above, but use the position of the mouse
pointer instead of the cursor.
Example:
:popup File
will make the "File" menu (if there is one) appear at the text cursor (mouse
pointer if ! was used).
:amenu ]Toolbar.Make :make<CR>
:popup ]Toolbar
This creates a popup menu that doesn't exist on the main menu-bar.
Note that a menu that starts with ']' will not be displayed.
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